In that vein, the US and Britain invaded Iraq in 2003 without UN approval – and without suffering any consequences for their permanent seats on the Security Council.
Beyond the veto question, and the lack of international balance among Security Council members – no African or Latin American country holds a permanent seat – the Council grants a near-monopoly on some issues to Washington, London and Paris.
The division of roles among the 15 Security Council members is uneven, according to the ambassador of one of the current 10 non-permanent members. The latter group, elected for two-year terms, is “given the bureaucratic jobs”.
“We don’t think it’s a fair division of labor,” the ambassador said, speaking on grounds of anonymity.
The Council has been widely denounced for its current – and recurrent – paralysis, with even UN Secretary-General Antonio Guterres deploring its failures.
“There’s a pretty fundamental problem there,” US Secretary of State Antony Blinken admitted, a day after Zelensky’s futile call for Russia to be expelled.
‘LIKE CHOLESTEROL’
To Bertrand Badie, a Paris-based international relations specialist, the United Nations is “like cholesterol”: “There is the good,” notably in the humanitarian aid the UN dispenses that saves lives around the world, and “there is the bad, with the Security Council”.
But the ambassador, while conceding that there has been “intense criticism” of the world body, added: “Where would we be if we had none of that?” – none of the “good” carried out by the UN.
Most proposals for reform call for the enlargement of the Security Council – adding both permanent and non-permanent members.
But “positions are very polarised,” the ambassador said, as to which nations might be added and which would enjoy veto power.
“The veto has to be a bit more disciplined,” the diplomat said, adding that the point of it should not be “to block progress” but to “force the five permanent members to sit down and arrive at a solution acceptable to all”.
At an informal meeting Friday on UN reform that included the five permanent members, the veto issue was again raised.
Among the ideas advanced: A French-Mexican proposal to limit its use in cases of “mass crimes”, and a suggestion from Liechtenstein that would require any nation casting a veto to explain it before the General Assembly.
On Thursday, South African President Cyril Ramaphosa, whose country hopes someday to join the permanent members of the Security Council, said that “the entire peace and security architecture of the United Nations needs to be overhauled”.
The Council, he said, needed to be “democratised” to allow the world body to “move beyond the paralysis brought about by a few member states”.
Other potential permanent members of the Council include major world players India, Japan, Brazil and Germany.
But several experts say the chances of reform will remain slim so long as the permanent members refuse to accept any dilution of their power.
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