History of Cinco de Mayo and its significance; what is it and why is it celebrated

Each year, Cinco de Mayo, which means ‘Fifth of May’ in Spanish, is celebrated with great zeal in the United States and Mexico. Cinco de Mayo is an annual celebration that commemorates Mexican troops’ victory over France in the Battle of Puebla, fought 160 years ago.

The annual celebration marks the day when the lesser equipped Mexican military defeated Napoleon III’s superior French army on May 5, 1862, in the battle.

The day’s history can be traced back to 1861, when the then-president of Mexico, Benito Juarez, issued a moratorium on the country’s foreign debt payments, the decision against which Napolean III sent the French army to invade it. But, Ignacio Zaragoza-led poorer Mexican army fought valiantly to defeat the French troops, despite being fewer in numbers.

While Cinco de Mayo is treated just as a minor holiday in Mexico, it is celebrated with great pomp in the US. It is because Mexico’s victory highly encouraged the Latinos of California, who were fighting against the forward march of the Confederate army in 1862, the period during which America was witnessing a Civil War.

Moreover, the celebration became commercialised in the US during the 1980s. According to a California professor of Chicano studies, Jose Alamillo, the current form of the Cinco de Mayo celebration can be credited to US beer companies. Alamillo said that the beer companies utilised and glorified this day to sell their products.

At present, Cinco de Mayo is celebrated on a grand scale in the US, especially in Los Angeles. US citizens consider it mainly a celebration of American-Mexican culture.

However, one must not get confused between Cinco de Mayo and Mexico’s Independence Day as they both are related to different events and dates. Mexico’s Independence Day is celebrated on September 16, when the Mexican people first revolted against the Spanish rule in their country.

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